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- Domain Working Group
- Chairperson: Paul Mockapetris/USC/ISI
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-
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- CURRENT MEETING REPORT
- Reported by Paul Mockapetris
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-
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- AGENDA
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- o Redeployment of high level servers.
-
- o Short and Long Term fixes for excessive DNS usage reported in the
- NSFNET and elsewhere.
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- o What should the DWG suggest to the Host Requirements WG.
-
- o Addition of dynamic add and delete to the DNS.
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- o Enhancements to the DNS in general.
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- ATTENDEES
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- 1. Almquist, Phil/almquist@jessica.stanford.edu
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- 2. Brackenridge, Billy/brackenridge@isi.edu
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- 3. Burgan, Jeffrey/jeff@nsipo.nasa.gov
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- 4. Crocker, Dave/dcrocker@ahwahnee.stanford.edu
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- 5. Edwards, David/dle@cisco.com
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- 6. Fedor, Mark/fedor@nisc.nyser.net
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- 7. Kincl, Norman/kincl@iag.hp.com
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- 8. Lottor, Mark/mkl@nic.ddn.mil
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- 9. Natalie, Ron/ron@rutgers.edu
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- 10. St. Johns, Mike/stjohns@beast.ddn.mil
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- 11. Stahl, Mary/stahl@sri-nic.arpa
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- 12. Volk, Ruediger/rv@germany.eu.net
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- 13. Woods, C. Philip/cpw@lanl.gov
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-
- MINUTES
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-
-
- 2
- The Domain Working Group met at Stanford University IETF. Mike St. Johns
- discussed some possibilities for offloading some of the top-level domains,
-
- such as EDU and COM, from management by the NIC.DDN.MIL. Some preliminary
- thoughts were presented, but a firm plan has not yet been made. The
- majority of the meeting was spent discussing recent DNS usage problems,
- cures, and the most needed repairs to BIND.
-
- Problems:
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- The best known aspect of the usage problems was NSFNET
- observations of 20% DNS packets on some links at certain times.
- Traffic monitoring revealed that these large packet fluxes were
- from relatively few sites, the so called "screamers". The
- screamers are typically sites with Sun's YP using the DNS as a
- backstop, i.e. configured so that queries which cannot be
- answered by YP drop into the DNS. The trouble is that under
- certain cases YP retries DNS queries as fast as possible, so a
- simple failure is repeated over and over.
-
-
- The same problem also caused more severe consequences in local
- environments. In one case, DNS screaming leading to gateway
- overload, leading to gated cycle starvation, leading to EGP
- problems, leading to connectivity loss. In another, the same
- traffic which was 20% of a NSFNET T1 was more than 100% of a
- 56Kbit link.
-
-
- In addition to the screaming phenomena, others noted low level
- useless traffic which becomes significant when multiplied by the
- large number of hosts, but still much less than screaming.
-
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- Cures:
-
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- DNS screaming has been fixed by new Sun YP software. However,
- others could easily make the same mistake, so in the future we
- need firewalls to stop this behavior in both the resolver and name
- server since we cannot always assume control of either. The
- method is an extension of negative caching.
- The extensions and already defined negative caching mechanisms are
- needed even if screamers are fixed so that the system will
- continue to scale up.
- Total load of DNS should be 1% or less.
-
-
-
- 3
- BIND needs:
-
-
- The attendees made the following list of the most important
- problems with existing DNS implementations, usually BIND.
-
- o All retry mechanisms should use exponential backoff, with
- settable upper and lower limits.
-
- o Negative caching of:
-
- -- Name errors and no data as in RFCs
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- -- Temporary failures
-
- -- Server failures
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- o Cooperation between forwarding name servers and waiting ACKs
- to resolvers.
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- o Satisfactory implementation TTL=0 RR handling.
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- o Correct operation in an environment without root server
- connectivity.
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- o Correct implementation of master file defaults and minimums.
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- o Broadcast and multicast implementation.
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- ACTION ITEMS
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- 1. P. Mockapetris to produce detailed draft of problems and
- proposed cure.
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- 2. Group of interested parties to draft incremental update
- method.
-